In Boston's Big Dig project, these procedures were not well carried out, which resulted in a large concrete slab crushing a motorist. As well, there must be a rigorous testing program. Epoxy bolts are the strongest, but can be very tricky to install, since the epoxy has to be mixed to exact specifications, the hole must be very clean, and the set time has to be watched. Once the concrete has been poured and set, the only other types of bolts that can be used are mechanical and epoxy bolts. These devices mostly made from composite plastic. Currently there are several devices to assist in holding and in placing anchor bolt to set in the concrete. With this, the building is more resistant to earthquakes. Alternatively the CivilWeb Steel Connection Design Spreadsheet Suite includes the anchor bolt design spreadsheets along with end plate connections, fin plates, splices, welds and base plate design spreadsheets.
Another use of this anchor bolt is to connect the concrete foundation of a building to its wall. The CivilWeb Anchor Bolt Design Spreadsheet can be purchased at the bottom of this page for only 19.99. Cast-in-place anchor bolts are the strongest type of fastener, but the casting is difficult, and they are usually only used for heavy machines mounted on poured concrete floors.
There are other designs, some consisting of a bent bolt with a hook on the end, or some other sort of bending. As seen in the figure 1, most designs consist of a standard bolt with a hexagonal head, which is cast in the wet concrete before it sets. The simplest anchor bolt is a cast-in-place anchor.
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